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The foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD marks the conventional start of the Eastern Roman Empire, which fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors who were recognized as legitimate rulers and exercised sovereign authority are included, to the exclusion of junior co-emperors (symbasileis) who never attained the status of sole or senior ruler, as well as of the various usurpers ...
In the 6th century, the philosophers Stephen of Byzantium and John Philoponus, the theologian John of Ephesus, the mathematical architects Anfimius of Trallus and Isidorus of Miletus lived and worked in Constantinople, which underwent a rapid cultural and scientific boom during the reign of the Justinian dynasty, The historians Procopius of ...
Constantinople was founded by the Roman emperor Constantine I (272–337) in 324 [6] on the site of an already-existing city, Byzantium, which was settled in the early days of Greek colonial expansion, in around 657 BC, by colonists of the city-state of Megara.
The emperors themselves used the title Emperor of the Romans (Greek: basileus Rhomaíōn). The term can refer to: the Byzantine Emperors, who ruled in the city from 330 to 1204 and from 1261 to 1453; the Latin Emperors, who ruled in the city from 1204 to 1261, as well as the later pretenders to this title
The patriarch inaugurated emperors from 457 onwards, while the crowds of Constantinople proclaimed their support, thus legitimizing their rule. [129] The senate originally had its own identity but later became a ceremonial extension of the emperor's court. [ 130 ]
Baldwin I (Dutch: Boudewijn; French: Baudouin; July 1172 – c. 1205) was the first Emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople; Count of Flanders (as Baldwin IX) from 1194 to 1205 and Count of Hainaut (as Baldwin VI) from 1195 to 1205.
The third major work, Donald Nicol's The Immortal Emperor: The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans (1992), examines Constantine's entire life and analyzes the trials and hardships he faced not only as emperor, but as Despot of the Morea as well. Nicol's work places considerably less emphasis on the importance ...
The Ottomans called the Holy Roman emperors by the title kıral (king) for one and a half centuries, until the Sultan Ahmed I formally recognized Emperor Rudolf II as an emperor in the Peace of Zsitvatorok in 1606, an acceptance of divisio imperii, bringing an end to the dispute between Constantinople and Western Europe.