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Ethosuximide, sold under the brand name Zarontin among others, is a medication used to treat absence seizures. [4] It may be used by itself or with other antiseizure medications such as valproic acid. [4] Ethosuximide is taken by mouth. [4] Ethosuximide is usually well tolerated. [5]
Absence seizures are also known to occur to patients with porphyria and can be triggered by stress or other porphyrin-inducing factors. Childhood Absence Epilepsy. Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a type of idiopathic epilepsy characterized by its non-convulsive, generalized nature and a genetic origin influenced by multiple factors [20]
Therefore, almost all new epilepsy drugs are initially approved only as adjunctive (add-on) therapies. Patients whose epilepsy is uncontrolled by their medication (i.e., it is refractory to treatment) are selected to see if supplementing the medication with the new drug leads to an improvement in seizure control.
In the US, valproic acid is also prescribed as an anti-epileptic drug indicated for the treatment of manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder; monotherapy and adjunctive therapy of complex partial seizures and simple and complex absence seizures; adjunctive therapy in people with multiple seizure types that include absence seizures. [4] [5]
Following is a list of antipsychotics, sorted by class. Antipsychotics. Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code
There are many causes of seizures. Organ failure, medication and medication withdrawal, cancer, imbalance of electrolytes, ... absence, or myoclonic seizure. [28]