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The 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak was an outbreak of hantavirus disease that ... with 27 deaths (56%). [19] Death rates were similar cross age, sex, and race ...
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Prognosis for HPS is often poor. The case fatality rate of HPS ranges from 30% to 60%. [2] [4] [21] [27] Death usually occurs 2–10 days after the onset of illness [10] and occurs suddenly during the cardiopulmonary phase of illness. [2] [3] Andes virus infection has a case fatality rate of about 40%, and Sin Nombre virus a case fatality rate ...
HPS has a much higher case fatality rate than HFRS, at 30–60%. For both HFRS and HPS, illness is the result of increased vascular permeability, decreased platelet count, and overreaction of the immune system. Individual hantavirus particles (virions) are usually spherical and vary at 70–350 nanometers in diameter.
The cardiopulmonary phase lasts for several days and is characterized by fluid buildup in the lungs, low oxygen levels in the blood, elevated or irregular heart rate, low blood pressure, cardiogenic shock, and respiratory failure. [4] [5] The case fatality rate from SNV infection is 30–50%. [5]
Andes virus (ANDV) is the most common cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in South America. Andes virus is transmitted mainly by the long-tailed pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus).
Between 1974-2011, in annual numbers (cases/100,000 population), a total of 20 patients died of HFRS in Longquan, with an average fatality rate of 1.07%. The highest fatalities were between 1974-1983 with an 11% death rate (10 deaths/91 cases). Seasonally, all deaths occurred in autumn and winter. No deaths have been reported since 2007.
Although New World hantaviruses typically cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), either disease can involve the patient's kidneys or lungs. [19] [20] The virus can cause severe health issues and even death. HPS has a mortality rate of 38%. [21]