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Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halocarbon with the formula C 2 HCl 3, commonly used as an industrial metal degreasing solvent. It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform -like pleasant mild smell [ 3 ] and sweet taste. [ 9 ]
log 10 of Trichloroethylene vapor pressure. Uses formula: ... Distillation data. Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Trichlorethylene/Carbon tetrachloride [7]
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation. Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985. [11] Although in very small amounts, tetrachloroethylene occurs naturally in volcanoes along with trichloroethylene. [12]
Perchloroethylene (known in the industry as "perc") is the most commonly used solvent, although alternative solvents such as hydrocarbons, and supercritical CO 2 are also used. Most natural fibers can be washed in water but some synthetics (e.g., viscose ) react poorly with water and should be dry cleaned if possible. [ 1 ]
The Bleidner apparatus is another example with two refluxing solvents. Membrane distillation is a type of distillation in which vapors of a mixture to be separated are passed through a membrane, which selectively permeates one component of mixture. Vapor pressure difference is the driving force.
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Figure 1. An air stripper. Air stripping is the transferring of volatile components of a liquid into an air stream. It is an environmental engineering technology used for the purification of groundwaters and wastewaters containing volatile compounds.
Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible, high-boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture. The method is used for mixtures having a low value of relative volatility, nearing unity. Such mixtures cannot be separated by simple ...