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Saponification is a process of cleaving esters into carboxylate salts and alcohols by the action of aqueous alkali. Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. [1] [2] It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate ...
A handmade soap bar Two equivalent images of the chemical structure of sodium stearate, a typical ingredient found in bar soaps Emulsifying action of soap on oil. Soap is a salt of a fatty acid (sometimes other carboxylic acids) used for cleaning and lubricating products as well as other applications. [1]
The higher the saponification value, the lower the fatty acids average length, the lighter the mean molecular weight of triglycerides and vice versa. Practically, fats or oils with high saponification value (such as coconut and palm oil) are more suitable for soap making.
The meltable base is usually naturally rich in glycerine, a by-product of saponification that has humectant and emollient properties, whereas commercial soap bars have often had this component removed. As with the rebatching method, it can be considered a misnomer to refer to the melt and pour process as soap making. The process has much in ...
Lithium soap is a soap consisting of a lithium salt of a fatty acid. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Sodium-based and potassium-based soaps are used as cleaning agents in domestic and industrial applications, whereas lithium soaps are used as components of lithium grease (white lithium).
Through the process of saponification, fats (like tallow, pig, and bone fats) or vegetable oils react with sodium hydroxide to form the sodium salts of fatty acids and glycerin. [1] The resulting mixture is known as soft soap [broken anchor], which serves as a precursor for hard soap production.
Soft soap may refer to: Soap that is liquid or easily soluble, usually made by saponification with potassium instead of the more typical sodium hydroxide Softsoap , trade name of a liquid soap product
This process, called saponification, breaks down the triglyceride (fat); frees the glycerol within; and, results in a sodium salt, sodium tallowate. It is usually combined with sodium cocoate, the sodium salt of coconut oil. Together, they are—with sodium palmate—major constituents of bar soap.