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Epigeous sporocarps have mycelia that extend underground far beyond the mother sporocarp. There is a wider distribution of mycelia underground than sporocarps above ground. [2] Hypogeous fungi are usually called truffles or false truffles. There is evidence that hypogeous fungi evolved from epigeous fungi. [3]
It is called epigeous if it grows above ground, as with the morels, while underground ascocarps, such as truffles, are termed hypogeous. The structure enclosing the hymenium is divided into the types described below (apothecium, cleistothecium, etc.) and this character is important for the taxonomic classification of the fungus. Apothecia can ...
D. odoratum is a parasitic fungus that transforms its host's sporocarp into ochre-colored, tuber-like deformity where the original cap and foot have atrophied. The deformation, consisting of the host's swollen trama and the filaments of the parasitic fungus is no longer recognized as a veiled hebeloma, but it may still smell and taste like radish.
Schematic representations of a typical basidiocarp (left to right): a fruiting body, hymenium and basidia. In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne.
Endogone species are sporocarpic—they form a fruit body termed a sporocarp, on which spore-bearing structures are borne.The zygospores—a diploid reproductive stage in the life cycle—are formed above the point of union of two gametangia, or from a budding from the larger of the two. [8]
Pholiota squarrosa growing at the base of a tree. A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source.
Crust-like or having a hard surface layer, e.g. in a sporocarp; in lichens, a thallus firmly fixed to the substratum by the whole of their lower surface, generally lacking a distinct lower cortex. [84] cyphella . pl. cyphellae. A break in the lower cortex of a lichen thallus which appears as a cup-like structure or marking. Characteristic of ...
Hypogeal, hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous (lit. ' underground '; from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó) 'under' and γῆ (gê) 'earth') [1] are biological terms describing an organism's activity below the soil surface.