Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Polarizability is responsible for a material's dielectric constant and, at high (optical) frequencies, its refractive index. The polarizability of an atom or molecule is defined as the ratio of its induced dipole moment to the local electric field; in a crystalline solid, one considers the dipole moment per unit cell. [1]
High charge and large size of the anion, due to polarizability which is related to the deformability of its electron cloud (i.e. its "softness") An incomplete valence shell electron configuration, due to the noble gas configuration of the cation producing better shielding and less polarizing power, for example Hg 2+ (r+ = 102 pm) is more ...
Power in the other polarization mode is eliminated. Thus if unpolarized light is passed through an ideal polarizer (where g 1 = 1 and g 2 = 0) exactly half of its initial power is retained. Practical polarizers, especially inexpensive sheet polarizers, have additional loss so that g 1 < 1.
The polarizability of individual particles in the medium can be related to the average susceptibility and polarization density by the Clausius–Mossotti relation. In general, the susceptibility is a function of the frequency ω of the applied field.
In general, a material cannot polarize instantaneously in response to an applied field, and so the more general formulation as a function of time is = (′) (′) ′. That is, the polarization is a convolution of the electric field at previous times with time-dependent susceptibility given by χ e ( Δ t ) {\displaystyle \chi _{\text{e ...
Continuous charge distribution. The volume charge density ρ is the amount of charge per unit volume (cube), surface charge density σ is amount per unit surface area (circle) with outward unit normal nĚ‚, d is the dipole moment between two point charges, the volume density of these is the polarization density P.
The Stokes I, Q, U and V parameters. The Stokes parameters are a set of values that describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation.They were defined by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851, [1] [2] as a mathematically convenient alternative to the more common description of incoherent or partially polarized radiation in terms of its total intensity (I), (fractional) degree of ...
Polarizability, an electrical property of atoms or molecules and a separate magnetic property of subatomic particles Polarization function, a feature of some molecular modelling methods; Photon polarization, the mathematical link between wave polarization and spin polarization