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The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a taxonomy of academic disciplines at institutions of higher education in the United States and Canada. The CIP was originally developed by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) of the United States Department of Education in 1980 and was revised in 1985, 1990, 2000, 2010, and ...
The most widely recognized and latest NERC security standard is NERC 1300, which is a modification/update of NERC 1200. The latest version of NERC 1300 is called CIP-002-3 through CIP-009-3, with CIP referring to Critical Infrastructure Protection.
The original NERC was formed on June 1, 1968, by the electric utility industry to promote the reliability and adequacy of bulk power transmission in the electric utility systems of North America. NERC's mission states that it "is to assure the effective and efficient reduction of risks to the reliability and security of the grid". [4]
In the U.S., critical infrastructure protection (CIP) is a concept that relates to the preparedness and response to serious incidents that involve the critical infrastructure of a region or the nation. The American Presidential directive PDD-63 of May 1998 set up a national program of "Critical Infrastructure Protection". [1]
The follow articles comprise the glossary of education-related terms: Glossary of education terms (A–C) Glossary of education terms (D–F) Glossary of education terms (G–L) Glossary of education terms (M–O) Glossary of education terms (P–R) Glossary of education terms (S) Glossary of education terms (T–Z)
Thirty-five years later in 2002, the WSCC became WECC when three regional transmission associations merged. WECC was designated a Regional Entity for the Western Interconnection in 2007 after NERC delegated some of the authority it had received from FERC to create, monitor and enforce reliability standards.
One of the important roles of an RE is suggesting to NERC (and FERC) to include the facilities into - or exclude from - the list of "elements" that constitute the bulk-power system (BPS, also known as a "bulk electric system", BES), subject to the oversight of the NERC. [9]
In terms of load served, NPCC accounts for 20% of the Eastern interconnection's total load demand, and 70% of Canada's entire demand. The Hydro-Québec system, which encompasses all of Québec, is commonly [ when? ] considered [ by whom? ] part of the Eastern Interconnection, even though it is technically a separate interconnection .