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An acid anhydride is a type of chemical compound derived by the removal of water molecules from an acid. In organic chemistry, organic acid anhydrides contain the functional group −C(=O)−O−C(=O)−. Organic acid anhydrides often form when one equivalent of water is removed from two equivalents of an organic acid in a dehydration reaction.
Generic example of an anhydride of two carboxylic acids R 1 COOH and R 2 COOH, with the blue marked carboxylic acid anhydride functional group, where R stands for any group (typically hydrogen or organyl). An organic acid anhydride is an acid anhydride that is also an organic compound.
Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C 2 H 2 (CO) 2 O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications in coatings and polymers. [5]
Propionic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3 CH 2 CO) 2 O. This simple acid anhydride is a colourless liquid. It is a widely used reagent in organic synthesis as well as for producing specialty derivatives of cellulose.
Pages in category "Acid anhydrides" The following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Acetyl nitrate; B.
Acyl chlorides are used to prepare acid anhydrides, amides and esters, by reacting acid chlorides with: a salt of a carboxylic acid, an amine, or an alcohol, respectively. Acid halides are the most reactive acyl derivatives, and can easily be converted into any of the others. Acid halides will react with carboxylic acids to form anhydrides.
Carbonic acid is an illustrative example of the Lewis acidity of an acidic oxide. CO 2 + 2OH − ⇌ HCO 3 − + OH − ⇌ CO 3 2− + H 2 O. This property is a key reason for keeping alkali chemicals well sealed from the atmosphere, as long-term exposure to carbon dioxide in the air can degrade the material.