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The Open Polar Sea was a conjectured ice-free body of water that was believed to encircle the North Pole.Although this theory was widely accepted and served as a basis for many exploratory expeditions aimed at reaching the North Pole by sea or discovering a navigable route between Europe and the Pacific via the North Pole, it was ultimately proven to be untrue.
Polar Sea's hull shape is designed to maximize icebreaking by efficiently combining the forces of the ship's forward motion, the downward pull of gravity on the bow, and the upward push of the inherent buoyancy of the stern. The curved bow and heavy weight allows Polar Sea to force ice edges to break off downward as cusps. This design does not ...
HMS Racehorse and HMS Carcass in the ice, engraving after John Cleveley the Younger, from Phipps' 1774 book. The 1773 Phipps expedition towards the North Pole was a British Royal Navy expedition suggested by the Royal Society and especially its vice president Daines Barrington, who believed in an ice-free Open Polar Sea.
Polar bear in Manitoba, Canada. November 2004. Polar seas is a collective term for the Arctic Ocean (about 4-5 percent of Earth's oceans) and the southern part of the Southern Ocean (south of Antarctic Convergence, about 10 percent of Earth's oceans). In the coldest years, sea ice can cover around 13 percent of the Earth's total surface at its ...
Baltic Sea Science Center, Skansen, Stockholm. Stockholm University’s Baltic Sea Centre, based in Stockholm but with a laboratory in Asko. Baltic Sea Centre; Swedish Maritime Robotics Centre, Stockholm. SMaRC; University of Gothenburg, Department of Marine Sciences, including Kristineberg Marine Research Station and Tjärnö Marine Laboratory.
The Open Polar Sea, a hypothesized ice-free ocean surrounding the North Pole Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Polar Sea .
1958: USS Nautilus (SSN-571) crosses the Arctic Ocean from the Pacific to the Atlantic beneath the polar sea ice, reaching the North Pole on 3 August 1958; 1959: Discoverer 1, a prototype with no camera, is the first satellite in polar orbit [10] 1959: USS Skate (SSN-578) becomes first submarine to surface at the North Pole on 17 March 1959
Isaac Israel Hayes (March 5, 1832 – December 17, 1881) was an American Arctic explorer, physician, and politician, [1] who was appointed as the commanding officer at Satterlee General Hospital during the American Civil War, [2] and was then elected, after the war, to the New York State Assembly.