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Panel of the Battle of Aljubarrota by Portuguese artist Jorge Colaço, 1922. Azulejo (Portuguese: [ɐzuˈle(j)ʒu, ɐzuˈlɐjʒu], Spanish:; from the Arabic الزليج, al-zillīj) [1] [2] is a form of Portuguese and Spanish painted tin-glazed ceramic tilework.
Tiles are a subset of ceramic pottery and were used extensively in colonial-era Mexico. These tiles were first fired at a low temperature, then hand-painted with intricate designs, then fired at a high temperature to set the glaze. These are still made, but most decorative tiles used in Mexico are factory-made. [30]
Ceramic art is art made from ceramic materials, including clay. It may take varied forms, including artistic pottery , including tableware , tiles , figurines and other sculpture . As one of the plastic arts , ceramic art is a visual art .
The word zillīj (زليج) is derived from the verb zalaja (زَلَجَ) meaning "to slide," [9] in reference to the smooth, glazed surface of the tiles. The word azulejo in Portuguese and Spanish, referring to a style of painted tile in Portugal and Spain, derives from the word zillīj.
It typically has a painted design of small, formalized flowers made up of round dot petals painted in white slip on the natural red of the clay, then fired with a clear glaze. The flowers may be limited to a band or applied lavishly over the entire piece. The latter is frequently done with casseroles and flower pots.
Originally, tiles for the work were scavenged from various construction sites and piles of urban waste found on the Rio streets. But in later years, most of the tiles were donated by visitors from all around the world. Of the 2000+ tiles, 300-odd were hand-painted by Selarón depicting a pregnant African woman.