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External anal fissures on the anal verge can be diagnosed by visual inspection. [citation needed]In case of chronic anal fissure the sentinel piles on anal verge, papilla next to dentate line and fissures also commonly referred to in combination as classic fissure triad can also be seen during diagnosis.
Serrated polyposis syndrome is a rare condition that has been defined by the World Health Organization as either: [3]. ≥5 serrated lesions/polyps proximal to the rectum, all ≥ 5 mm in size, with two lesions ≥10 mm
During defecation patients may need to support the perineum on both sides, or evacuate fecal pellets from the rectum with a finger. There may be post defecation incontinence. These rectal wall abnormalities may be an important missed cause of obstructed defecation. S-shaped rectum and corkscrew rectum are both treated in the same way.
Gastrointestinal perforation, also known as gastrointestinal rupture, [1] is a hole in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is composed of hollow digestive organs leading from the mouth to the anus. [3]
The size of the ulcers is usually 0.5–4 cm. [5] The lesion is most often located on the anterior (front) or lateral (side) rectal wall, centered on a rectal fold, [1] usually 10 cm from the anal verge. [8] Less commonly there may be ulcers in the anal canal or even in the sigmoid colon. [5]
A common symptom is a continual urge to have a bowel movement—the rectum could feel full or have constipation. Another is tenderness and mild irritation in the rectum and anal region. A serious symptom is pus and blood in the discharge, accompanied by cramps and pain during the bowel movement.
A fecal impaction or an impacted bowel is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation [1] (a related term is fecal loading which refers to a large volume of stool in the rectum of any consistency). [2]
Dieulafoy lesions are characterized by a single abnormally large blood vessel beneath the gastrointestinal mucosa that bleeds, [8] in the absence of any ulcer, erosion, or other abnormality in the mucosa. The size of these blood vessels varies from 1–5 mm (more than 10 times the normal diameter of mucosal capillaries).