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Kerma area product (KAP) [1] is a related quantity, which for all practical radiation protection purposes is equal to dose area product. However, strictly speaking = (), where g is the fraction of energy of liberated charged particles that is lost in radiative processes in the material [5] and the dose is expressed in absorbed dose to air.
In chemistry, acid value (AV, acid number, neutralization number or acidity) is a number used to quantify the acidity of a given chemical substance.It is the quantity of base (usually potassium hydroxide (KOH)), expressed as milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 gram of a sample.
An acid test is a qualitative chemical or metallurgical assay utilizing acid. Historically, it often involved the use of a robust acid to distinguish gold from base metals . Figuratively, the term represents any definitive test for attributes, such as gauging a person's character or evaluating a product's performance.
The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation constant, K a of the acid, and the concentrations of the species in solution. [6] Simulated titration of an acidified solution of a weak acid (pK a = 4.7) with alkali
[1] [2] Precious metal items of art or jewelry are frequently hallmarked (depending upon the requirements of the laws of either the place of manufacture or the place of import). Where required to be hallmarked , semi-finished precious metal items of art or jewelry pass through the official testing channels where they are analyzed or assayed for ...
Gold(III) acetate, also known as auric acetate, is a chemical compound of gold and acetic acid. It is a yellow solid that decomposes at 170 °C to gold metal. It is a yellow solid that decomposes at 170 °C to gold metal.
Gold pentafluoride, along with its derivative anion, AuF − 6, and its difluorine complex, gold heptafluoride, is the sole example of gold(V), the highest verified oxidation state. [ 19 ] Some gold compounds exhibit aurophilic bonding , which describes the tendency of gold ions to interact at distances that are too long to be a conventional Au ...
[1] [2] [3] For industrial gold production the Wohlwill process is necessary for highest purity gold applications. When lower purity gold is required, refiners often utilize the Miller process for its relative ease and quicker turnaround times and because it does not require a large inventory of gold, in the form of chloroauric acid. [2] [3]