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Funerary art is any work of art forming, or placed in, a repository for the remains of the dead. The term encompasses a wide variety of forms, including cenotaphs ("empty tombs"), tomb-like monuments which do not contain human remains, and communal memorials to the dead, such as war memorials , which may or may not contain remains, and a range ...
A funeral is a ceremony connected with the final disposition of a corpse, such as a burial or cremation, with the attendant observances. [1] Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember and respect the dead, from interment, to various monuments, prayers, and rituals undertaken in their honour.
A Hindu cremation rite in Nepal.The samskara above shows the body wrapped in saffron cloth on a pyre. The Antyesti rite of passage is structured around the premise in ancient literature of Hinduism that the microcosm of all living beings is a reflection of a macrocosm of the universe. [10]
Funerary masks were used throughout the Egyptian periods. Examples range from the gold masks of Tutankhamun and Psusennes I to the Roman "mummy portraits" from Hawara and the Fayum. Whether in a funerary or religious context, the purpose of a mask was the same: to transform the wearer from a mortal to a divine state. [3]
The art historian Nigel Spivey considers the name cemetery inadequate and argues that only the term necropolis can do justice to these sophisticated burial sites. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Etruscan necropoli were usually located on hills or slopes of hills.
Tomb effigy in the mausoleum of the Lords of Boussu, Boussu Castle, Belgium Cadaver Tomb of Guillaume de Harsigny.Musée d'art et d'archéologie de Laon, France [1]. A cadaver monument or transi is a type of funerary monument to a deceased person, featuring a sculpted tomb effigy of a skeleton, or of an emaciated or decomposing dead body, with closed eyes.
Much memento mori art is associated with the Mexican festival Day of the Dead, including skull-shaped candies and bread loaves adorned with bread "bones". This theme was also famously expressed in the works of the Mexican engraver José Guadalupe Posada , in which people from various walks of life are depicted as skeletons.
The ushabti (also called shabti or shawabti, with a number of variant spellings) was a funerary figurine used in ancient Egyptian funerary practices. The Egyptological term is derived from đ ąđđđđđž wšbtj, which replaced earlier đˇđŻđđđđž šwbtj, perhaps the nisba of đđŻđđ šwęŁb "Persea tree".