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The posterior septal artery supplies blood to the respiratory region of the nasal septum, which consists of the lower two-thirds of the nasal septum and most of the nasal floor. [1] The path of the posterior septal artery can be understood by splitting it into three different segments: the pterygopalatine segment, the sphenoidal segment, and ...
The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, [1] also known as fossae. [2] Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils. The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract.
Once emerging from the greater palatine foramen, it changes names to the greater palatine artery and begins to supply the hard palate. [1] As it terminates it travels through the incisive canal to anastomose with the sphenopalatine artery to supply the nasal septum. [1]
The nasal branch travels through cribriform plate to enter the nasal cavity and runs in a groove on the deep surface of the nasal bone. Here it bifurcates into a medial and lateral branch. The lateral branch supplies blood to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the medial branch to the nasal septum.
There is contention as whether this is truly part of Kiesselbach's plexus. Most sources quote that it is not part of the plexus, but rather one of the blood supplies for the nasal septum itself. [2] It runs vertically downwards just behind the columella, and crosses the floor of the nose. It joins the venous plexus on the lateral nasal wall.
The alae of the nose are supplied by nasal branches of CN V 2, the infraorbital nerve, and internal nasal branches of infraorbital nerve that supply the septum and the vestibule. [ 46 ] [ 13 ] The maxillary sinus is supplied by superior alveolar nerves from the maxillary and infraorbital nerves.
The fleshy external end of the nasal septum is called the columella or columella nasi, and is made up of cartilage and soft tissue. [2] The nasal septum contains bone and hyaline cartilage. [3] It is normally about 2 mm thick. [4] The nasal septum is composed of four structures: Maxillary bone (the crest) Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
The cartilage in the septum is avascular and can be 2–4 mm thick. The septum gets its blood supply from the ethmoid and sphenopalatine arteries. [4] The nasal septum is composed of cartilaginous, membranous, and bony components overlaid by mucoperichondrium and mucoperiosteum.