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Matriarchy is a social system in which positions of dominance without violence and privilege are held by women. In a broader sense it can also extend to moral authority, social privilege, and control of property. While those definitions apply in general English, definitions specific to anthropology and feminism differ in some respects. [1] [2]
Similar to other places in ancient Greece, in Sparta far more is known about the elites than the lower classes, and ancient sources do not discuss gender in relation to the non-citizens who lived in Sparta. [3] Various groups of free non-Spartiates lived in Sparta, as did helots and, at least later in Spartan history, personal slaves.
In Sparta, they were called patrouchoi (πατροῦχοι), as they were in Gortyn. Athenian women were not allowed to hold property in their own name; in order to keep her father's property in the family, an epikleros was required to marry her father's nearest male relative. Even if a woman was already married, evidence suggests that she was ...
When Sparta defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War, it secured an unrivaled hegemony over southern Greece. [1] Sparta's supremacy was broken following the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC. [1] It was never able to regain its military superiority [2] and was finally absorbed by the Achaean League in the 2nd century BC.
279 BCE – During the Gallic Invasion of Greece a large Gallic force entered Aetolia. Women and the elderly joined in its defense. [111] 272 BCE – When Pyrrhus attacked Sparta, the women of the city assisted in the defense, assisted by Chilonis. [112] [113] [114]
At a dark moment for feminism, creators keep dreaming up societies where women rule. But these visions aren't utopian.
Sparta [1] was a prominent city-state in Laconia in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon ( Λακεδαίμων , Lakedaímōn ), while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement in the valley of Evrotas river in Laconia, in southeastern Peloponnese . [ 2 ]
Female-led relationships (FLRs) are heterosexual relationships based on a power imbalance in which women exercise dominance and control over male partners.