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Within 21 minutes, the lahars descended Mayon Volcano, quickly covering and wrecking six communities. After the initial series of lahars, further ash flow descended to the ocean to the north of Mayon Volcano. [40] Areas around the volcano were inundated with 1.5 m (5 ft) of floodwaters. [46] Widespread flooding was also reported in Legazpi City ...
Mayon is shared by eight cities and municipalities of Albay province.. Mayon is the main landmark and highest point of the province of Albay and the whole Bicol Region in the Philippines, rising 2,463 meters (8,081 ft) from the shores of Albay Gulf about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) away.
Large lahars hundreds of metres wide and tens of metres deep can flow several tens of metres per second (22 mph or more), much too fast for people to outrun. [9] On steep slopes, lahar speeds can exceed 200 kilometres per hour (120 mph). [9] A lahar can cause catastrophic destruction along a potential path of more than 300 kilometres (190 mi). [10]
Lahars can result from heavy rainfall during or before the eruption or interaction with ice and snow. Meltwater mixes with volcanic debris causing a fast moving mudflow. Lahars are typically about 60% sediment and 40% water. [40] Depending on the abundance of volcanic debris the lahar can be fluid or thick like concrete. [41]
Typhoon Durian (Reming, 2006) – a typhoon which caused devastating lahar flows from the Mayon Volcano. Tropical Storm Fung-wong (Mario, 2014) – another tropical system that caused lahar flows from the Mayon Volcano. Typhoon Vongfong (Ambo, 2020) – a typhoon which took a relatively similar path to Yunya.
At least three villages were partially covered by lahar from Mayon Volcano after heavy rainfall from Trami. [115] Fifty houses were destroyed by strong waves in Sibuco , Zamboanga del Norte , [ 64 ] while several cottages were also destroyed along the coast of San Juan, La Union . [ 116 ]
As the typhoon neared the country, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology had issued advisories warning of possible lahar contamination of nearby rivers and drainage areas near Mount Pinatubo, the Mayon Volcano, and the Taal Volcano. [39] [40] Satellite animation of Typhoon Goni making landfall on Catanduanes on October 31
Borehole and magnetic data surveys show that the alluvium and lahar deposits at the Bantul graben are 20–200 meters (66–656 ft) thick and at places over 200 meters, and the water table is 0.6–5 meters (2 ft 0 in – 16 ft 5 in) below ground level. Most liquefaction events took place near the 2.5 km (1.6 mi) wide Opak Fault zone.