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Ancient Estonia refers to a period covering History of Estonia from the middle of the 8th millennium BC until the conquest and subjugation of the local Finnic tribes in the first quarter of the 13th century during the Teutonic and Danish Northern Crusades.
Fragments of the Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in Estonian. The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the ice from the last glacial era had melted, and signs of the first permanent population in the region date from around 9000 BCE.
The population of Ancient Estonia in the late Iron Age, circa 1100 AD, is estimated to have been 150,000, with upper estimates around 180,000. [16] This is a five-fold increase from the approximately 30,000 inhabitants of the same area during the Roman Iron Age, circa 400 AD. [ 16 ]
Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Baltic Finnic ethnic group who speak the Estonian language.Their nation state is Estonia.. The Estonian language is spoken as the first language by the vast majority of Estonians; it is closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Finnish, Karelian and Livonian.
The island of Ösel. Oeselians or Osilians is a historical name for the people who prior to the Northern Crusades in the 13th century lived in the Estonian island of Saaremaa [a] – the Baltic Sea island was also referred as Oeselia or Osilia in written records dating from around that time. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 December 2024. Group of peoples around the Baltic Sea This article is about the Finnic peoples living near the Baltic Sea. For other uses, see Finnic peoples. Ethnic group Baltic Finnic peoples Finnic languages at the beginning of the 20th century Total population c. 7.4–8.2 million Regions with ...
The name Estonia (Estonian: Eesti ⓘ) has been connected to Aesti, a people first mentioned by Ancient Roman historian Tacitus around 98 AD. Some modern historians believe he was referring to Balts, while others have proposed that the name then applied to the whole eastern Baltic Sea region. [29]
A dog tooth found at the Pulli settlement is the first evidence for the existence of the domesticated dog in the territory of Estonia. [1] In all, 1,175 items used by people of the Mesolithic period were excavated at the Pulli settlement, among them tools mostly made of flint, especially arrowheads. A few items made of bone were found too, such ...