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Relative velocities between two particles in classical mechanics. The figure shows two objects A and B moving at constant velocity. The equations of motion are: = +, = +, where the subscript i refers to the initial displacement (at time t equal to zero).
In classical mechanics, a kinematic pair is a connection between two physical objects that imposes constraints on their relative movement ().German engineer Franz Reuleaux introduced the kinematic pair as a new approach to the study of machines [1] that provided an advance over the notion of elements consisting of simple machines.
Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed, and frame of reference to an observer, measuring the change in position of the body relative to that frame with a change in time.
Motion tracking or motion capture started as a photogrammetric analysis tool in biomechanics research in the 1970s and 1980s, and expanded into education, training, sports and recently computer animation for television, cinema, and video games as the technology matured. Since the 20th century, the performer has to wear markers near each joint ...
What is essential is relative motion. By observing parallax, measuring angles , and using geometry , one can determine distance . Distance measurement by parallax is a special case of the principle of triangulation , which states that, if one side length and two angles of a triangle are known, then the rest side lengths and the angle can be ...
This is illustrated in the animation below. The rotating wave approximation may also be used. Animation showing the rotating frame. The red arrow is a spin in the Bloch sphere which precesses in the laboratory frame due to a static magnetic field. In the rotating frame the spin remains still until a resonantly oscillating magnetic field drives ...
In visual effects, match moving is a technique that allows the insertion of 2D elements, other live action elements or CG computer graphics into live-action footage with correct position, scale, orientation, and motion relative to the photographed objects in the shot. It also allows for the removal of live action elements from the live action shot.
Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage that create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually displayed via electronic media technology, but may also be displayed via manual powered technology (e.g. thaumatrope ...