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Hinduism is a complex religion with many different currents or schools. [4] Its non-theist traditions such as Samkhya, early Nyaya, Mimamsa and many within Vedanta do not posit the existence of an almighty, omnipotent, omniscient, omnibenevolent god (monotheistic god), and the classical formulations of the problem of evil and theodicy do not apply to most Hindu traditions.
At the time, this doctrine was likely intended for the survival of Shia imams and their followers, for they were being brutally molested and persecuted. [ 50 ] [ 51 ] [ 52 ] Indeed, taqiyya is particularly relevant to Twelver Shias, for until about the sixteenth century they lived mostly as a minority among an often-hostile Sunni majority.
The American sociologist Lewis A. Coser (following the German philosopher and sociologist Max Scheler [citation needed]) defines an apostate as not just a person who experienced a dramatic change in conviction but "a man who, even in his new state of belief, is spiritually living not primarily in the content of that faith, in the pursuit of goals appropriate to it, but only in the struggle ...
According to David Buchta, this does not address the problem of evil, because the omnipotent God "could change the system, but chooses not to" and thus sustains the evil in the world. [142] This view of self's agency of Madhvacharya was, states Buchta, an outlier in Vedanta school and Indian philosophies in general. [142]
The persecution of Christians in India sharply increased in the year 2016, according to a report which was published by Open Doors. [23] India was ranked 15th in the world in terms of danger to Christians, up from 31st four years earlier.
The anti-Hindu decree was seen by many as being reminiscent of the Nazi law which required all Jews to wear identifying yellow badges. [ 15 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] The order prompted international outrage, and it was denounced by the Indian and U.S. governments , [ 16 ] as well as by Abraham Foxman of the ADL . [ 17 ]
The injunction is given me not to make mention of any other god, not even by speaking – as little by the tongue as by the hand – to fashion a god, and not to worship or in any way show reverence to another than Him only who thus commands me, whom I am both bid fear that I may not be forsaken by Him, and love with my whole being, that I may ...
The Ministry of Defence forbade officers from becoming Freemasons, with officers who remained as Masons being sidelined. [14] During the war, Freemasonry was banned by edict in all countries that were either allied with the Nazis or under Nazi control, including Norway and France. Anti-Masonic exhibitions were held in many occupied countries.