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[9] [10] Because the pencil core is still referred to as "lead", or "a lead", many people have the misconception that the graphite in the pencil is lead, [11] and the black core of pencils is still referred to as lead, even though it never contained the element lead.
A typical construction of a ratchet-based mechanical pencil. A mechanical pencil or clutch pencil is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically extendable solid pigment core called a "lead" / ˈ l ɛ d /. The lead, often made of graphite, is not bonded to the outer casing, and the user can mechanically extend it as its point is worn away from ...
Unlike the construction of a traditional wooden pencil around a solid graphite core, a mechanical pencil feeds a small, mobile piece of graphite through its tip. An internal mechanism controls the position of the graphite by friction, so that although it remains steady while writing, the graphite can be advanced forward to compensate for ...
Carpenter pencils are sometimes used for their artistic practicality, as they allow artists to draw either a thick or a thin line easily with the same tool. [6] Additionally, the width of the pencil makes it possible to notch the graphite core enabling the user to draw two parallel lines at once, a technique used by artists and calligraphers. [5]
Munroe's main competitor later became the Thoreau family pencil business in Concord, run by John Thoreau, father of Henry David Thoreau. John Thoreau's brother-in-law, Charles Dunbar, discovered a deposit of graphite in Bristol, New Hampshire, in 1821. In 1823, Dunbar asked John Thoreau to join him in manufacturing pencils from this graphite.
During the 1860s, people typically wrote with quill pens and ink even though Dixon introduced graphite pencils in 1829. But the American Civil War created a demand for a dry, clean, portable writing instrument and led to the mass production of pencils. At the time of Dixon's death in 1869, the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the largest ...