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A samurai in his armor in the 1860s. Hand-colored photograph by Felice Beato. Bushidō (武士道, "the way of the warrior") is a moral code concerning samurai attitudes, behavior and lifestyle, [1] [2] [3] formalized in the Edo period (1603–1868). There are multiple types of bushido which evolved significantly through history.
It has been translated into English by Arthur Lindsay Sadler as The Code of the Samurai (1941; 1988), William Scott Wilson as Budoshoshinshu: The Warrior's Primer [1] and by Thomas Cleary. [ 2 ] Yūzan was the son of Daidōji Shigehisa (大道寺繁久), the grandson of Daidōji Naoshige ( 大道寺直繁 ) and the great-grandson of Daidōji ...
Samurai or bushi (武士 ... The Taihō Code classified most Imperial bureaucrats into 12 ranks, each divided into two sub-ranks, 1st rank being the highest adviser ...
The Buke shohatto (武家諸法度, lit. Various Points of Laws for Warrior Houses), commonly known in English as the Laws for the Military Houses, was a collection of edicts issued by Japan's Tokugawa shogunate governing the responsibilities and activities of daimyō (feudal lords) and the rest of the samurai warrior aristocracy.
Bushido: The Soul of Japan is, along with Hagakure by Yamamoto Tsunetomo (1659–1719), a study of the way of the samurai.A best-seller in its day, it was read by many influential foreigners, among them US Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy, as well as Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the Boy Scouts.
The code of the Shinsengumi, famously created by Hijikata Toshizō, included five articles, prohibiting deviation from the samurai code , leaving the Shinsengumi, raising money privately, taking part in others' litigation, and engaging in private fights.
Armoured samurai with sword and dagger, c.1860 Because the right was defined as a part of self defence, kiri-sute gomen had a set of tight rules. The strike had to follow immediately after the offence, meaning that the striker could not attack someone for a past grievance or after a substantial amount of time.
[6] [7] One who chose not to honor the code was "on his own" and was meant to suffer great shame. The undesirability of rōnin status was mainly a discrimination imposed by other samurai and by daimyō, the feudal lords. [citation needed] Like other samurai, rōnin wore two swords. [8] Rōnin used a variety of other weapons as well.