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In the years following World War II, large numbers of German civilians and captured soldiers were forced into labor by the Allied forces. The topic of using Germans as forced labor for reparations was first broached at the Tehran conference in 1943, where Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin demanded 4,000,000 German workers. [1] [better source needed]
Only about 1% of foreign workers in Germany came from countries that were neutral or allied to Germany. [1] Zwangsarbeiter (forced workers) – Forced labourers from countries not allied with Germany. This class of workers was broken down into the following designations: Militärinternierte ('military internees') – Prisoners of war. Geneva ...
In Paris, French men and women being chosen for work in Germany Departure of STO workers from the Paris-Nord station in 1943. The Service du travail obligatoire (STO; lit. ' compulsory work service ') was the forced enlistment and deportation of hundreds of thousands of French workers to Nazi Germany to work as forced labour for the German war effort during World War II.
A guest worker from Cuba, working in an East German factory (Chemiefaserkombinat "Wilhelm Pieck"), 1986. After the division of Germany into East and West in 1949, East Germany faced an acute labour shortage, mainly because of East Germans fleeing into the western zones occupied by the Allies; [35] in 1966 the GDR (German Democratic Republic) signed its first guest worker contract with Poland. [36]
By 1960 the combination of World War II and the massive emigration westward left East Germany with only 61% of its population of working age, compared to 70.5% before the war. [67] The loss was disproportionately heavy among professionals—engineers, technicians, physicians, teachers, lawyers and skilled workers. [67]
By 1944, slave labor made up one-quarter of Germany's entire work force, and the majority of German factories had a contingent of prisoners. [18] In rural areas the shortage of agricultural labor was filled by forced laborers from the occupied territories of Poland and the Soviet Union.
A recent poll of more than 900 German companies by the Institute for the German Economy also showed that a majority sees the AfD as a risk, both for securing skilled workers and for investment in ...
After the end of World War II, West Germany surpassed France in the employment of skilled labor needed at a time when industrialization was sweeping Europe at a fast pace. West Germany's preponderance in the training of skilled workers, was the main factor to outweigh the balance between the two countries.