Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
A refrain (from Vulgar Latin refringere, "to repeat", and later from Old French refraindre) is the line or lines that are repeated in music or in poetry—the "chorus" of a song. Poetic fixed forms that feature refrains include the villanelle , the virelay , and the sestina .
The formes fixes (French: [fɔʁm fiks]; singular: forme fixe, "fixed form") are the three 14th- and 15th-century French poetic forms: the ballade, rondeau, and virelai.Each was also a musical form, generally a chanson, and all consisted of a complex pattern of repetition of verses and a refrain with musical content in two main sections.
With; used in very many musical directions, for example con allegrezza (with liveliness), con calma (calmly lit. ' with calm '); (see also col and colla) con dolcezza See dolce con sordina or con sordine (plural) With a mute, or with mutes. Frequently seen in music as (incorrect Italian) con sordino, or con sordini (plural). concerto
According to Julie Kane, the refrain in each stanza indicates that the form descended from a "choral dance song" wherein a vocal soloist—frequently female—semi-improvised the "unique" lyrics of each stanza, while a ring of dancers—all female, or male and female mixed—chimed in with the repetitive words of the refrain as they danced ...
A rondeau (French:; plural: rondeaux) is a form of medieval and Renaissance French poetry, as well as the corresponding musical chanson form. Together with the ballade and the virelai it was considered one of three formes fixes, and one of the verse forms in France most commonly set to music between the late 13th and the 15th centuries.
The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Penguin Books, 2000. ISBN 0-14-051363-9. Dana Gioia. The Longman Dictionary of Literary Terms: Vocabulary for the Informed Reader. Longman, 2005. ISBN 0-321-33194-X. Sharon Hamilton. Essential Literary Terms: A Brief Norton Guide with Exercises. W. W. Norton, 2006. ISBN 0-393-92837-3.
The third section of each stanza shares its rhymes and music with the refrain. [1] [2] Thus, it can be schematically represented as AbbaA, where "A" represents the repeated refrain, "a" represents the verse set to the same music as the refrain, and "b" represents the remaining verses set to different music.
Antiphonal music is that performed by two choirs in interaction, often singing alternate musical phrases. [1] Antiphonal psalmody is the singing or musical playing of psalms by alternating groups of performers. [2] The term "antiphony" can also refer to a choir-book containing antiphons.