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C. citriodora oil, when refined to increase its PMD content for use in insect repellents, is known in the United States as oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE). [2] C. citriodora oil contains only 1–2% PMD, while refined OLE contains approximately up to 70% PMD. [3] Some commercial PMD products are not made from C. citriodora oil, but rather from ...
Eucalyptus oil has antimicrobial activity against a broad range of food-borne human pathogens and food spoilage microorganisms. [10] Non-cineole peppermint gum, strawberry gum and lemon ironbark are used as flavouring. Eucalyptus oil is also used as a fragrance component to impart a fresh and clean aroma in soaps, detergents, lotions, and ...
Unrefined oil from the lemon eucalyptus tree is used in perfumery, and a refined form of this oil is used in insect repellents, especially against mosquitoes. The refined oil's citronellal content is turned into cis- and trans- isomers of p-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), a process which occurs naturally as the eucalyptus leaves age.
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Essential oils that have been investigated include rose, lemon grass, lavender, thyme, peppermint, basil, cedarwood, and eucalyptus. [ 22 ] Although they may not be the perfect replacement for all synthetic pesticides, essential oils have prospects for crop or indoor plant protection, urban pest control, [ 23 ] and marketed insect repellents ...
Lemon oil, similar in fragrance to the fruit. Unlike other essential oils, lemon oil is usually cold pressed. Used in cosmetics. Lemongrass. Lemongrass is a highly fragrant grass from India. The oil is very useful for insect repellent. Lime; Litsea cubeba oil, lemon-like scent, often used in perfumes and aromatherapy. Linalool; Mandarin ...
Synthetic repellents tend to be more effective and/or longer lasting than "natural" repellents. [1] [2]For protection against ticks and mosquito bites, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends DEET, icaridin (picaridin, KBR 3023), oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE), para-menthane-diol (PMD), IR3535 and 2-undecanone with the caveat that higher percentages of the active ingredient ...
Certain plants have shown effectiveness as topical repellents for haematophagous insects, such as the use of lemon eucalyptus in PMD, but incomplete research and misunderstood applications can produce variable results. [1] The essential oils of many plants are also well known for their pest-repellent properties.