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  2. Hydraulic calculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_calculation

    The branch lines may terminate in a dead end or may connect at each end to different (usually opposite) points on the looped main. In the latter case, less water supply pressure is required as the hydraulic pressure drop is lower in the branch pipe as water flows from both ends of the branch line to any sprinkler.

  3. Fire sprinkler system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_sprinkler_system

    A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system providing adequate pressure and flowrate to a water distribution piping system, to which fire sprinklers are connected. Although initially used only in factories and large commercial buildings, systems for homes and small buildings are now available ...

  4. K-factor (fire protection) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-factor_(fire_protection)

    Using metric units, the volumetric flow rate of a nozzle is given by =, [1] [2] where q is the flow rate in litres per minute ( l/min ), p is the pressure at the nozzle in bar and K is the K-factor is given in units of (/) /.

  5. Fire pump - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_pump

    A jockey pump is sized for a flow less than one sprinkler in order to ensure a system pressure drop significant enough to start the main fire pump. Jockey pumps are typically small multistage centrifugal pumps, and do not have to be listed or certified for fire system application. The control equipment for jockey pumps may however carry approvals.

  6. Fire sprinkler - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_sprinkler

    A fire sprinkler mounted on a ceiling. A fire sprinkler or sprinkler head is the component of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined temperature has been exceeded. Fire sprinklers are extensively used worldwide, with over 40 million sprinkler heads fitted each year.

  7. Booster pump - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booster_pump

    Multi-story buildings equipped with fire sprinkler systems may require a large booster pump to deliver sufficient water pressure and volume to upper floors in the event of a fire. Such pumps are often powered by a diesel engine dedicated to this purpose. The engine needs a fuel tank and an automatic controller that will start the booster pump ...

  8. Pumpjack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpjack

    A diagram of a pumpjack. A pumpjack is the overground drive for a reciprocating piston pump in an oil well. [1]It is used to mechanically lift liquid out of the well if there is not enough bottom hole pressure for the liquid to flow all the way to the surface.

  9. Affinity laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affinity_laws

    The affinity laws (also known as the "Fan Laws" or "Pump Laws") for pumps/fans are used in hydraulics, hydronics and/or HVAC to express the relationship between variables involved in pump or fan performance (such as head, volumetric flow rate, shaft speed) and power. They apply to pumps, fans, and hydraulic turbines. In these rotary implements ...