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The Mesopotamian campaign or Mesopotamian front [9] (Turkish: Irak Cephesi) was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the Allies represented by the British Empire, troops from Britain, Australia and the vast majority from British Raj, against the Central Powers, mostly the Ottoman Empire.
On November 7, 1914, British troops began the march from Fao to Basra. [2] The Ottomans attacked the British camp at dawn on November 11, but were defeated. [1] The Ottomans prepared defensive positions at Saihan, and on November 15 the British attacked. The Ottomans were beaten, suffering 250 casualties and the British continued to advance. [3]
The Battle of Qurna, (3 to 9 December 1914) was between British forces and Ottoman forces that had retreated from Basra, which they lost at the Battle of Basra (1914) during the Mesopotamian campaign of World War I. Map showing the initial British attack and capture of Basra, 1914.
A map showing the administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire in 1317 Hijri (1899 Gregorian), including Ottoman Iraq. During World War I, an invasion of the region was undertaken by British Empire forces and was known as the Mesopotamian campaign. Fighting commenced with the Battle of Basra in 1914
The initial landing force was a contingent of Royal Marines from HMS Ocean and British Indian troops of the 16th (Poona) Brigade under Walter Sinclair Delamain. [2] The British sloop HMS Odin shelled the Turkish positions near the old fortress of Fao, silencing the enemy batteries and clearing the way for the landing force.
A 1924 map illustrating the battle. Townshend, intending to copy his success at the Battle of Es Sinn, ordered a night march in the closing hours of 21 November 1915, with the aim of attacking at dawn on the 22 November. The attack happened on schedule but due to poor ground conditions on the west bank the British ended up attacking the much ...
The Assyrian people of south east Anatolia, northern Mesopotamia and north western Persia also threw in their lot with the Russians and British, under the leadership of Agha Petros and Malik Khoshaba. [18] Indian Sappers and Miners in Tripoli, Lebanon. In 1914, there were some British Indian Army units located in the southern parts of Persia ...
First invasion of Mesopotamia; Second invasion of Mesopotamia. Battle of al-Qādisiyyah; Battle of Nahāvand; Persian Rebellion 649-51; Arab- Turgesh wars Day of Thirst in 724; Battle of the Defile in 731; Arab–Khazar wars; Abbasid Caliphate conflicts Abbasid revolt Battle of the Zab 750; Arab–Byzantine wars 780–1180 Battle of Krasos 804/ ...