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The Mesopotamian campaign or Mesopotamian front [9] (Turkish: Irak Cephesi) was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the Allies represented by the British Empire, troops from Britain, Australia and the vast majority from British Raj, against the Central Powers, mostly the Ottoman Empire.
On November 7, 1914, British troops began the march from Fao to Basra. [2] The Ottomans attacked the British camp at dawn on November 11, but were defeated. [1] The Ottomans prepared defensive positions at Saihan, and on November 15 the British attacked. The Ottomans were beaten, suffering 250 casualties and the British continued to advance. [3]
The Campaign in Mesopotamia 1914–1918: History of the Great War Based on Official Documents. Vol. 1. Uckfield (East Sussex (Grande-Bretagne)): The Naval & Military Press. ISBN 9781845749422. Townshend, Charles (2011). Desert Hell: The British Invasion of Mesopotamia. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
An invasion is a military offensive in which sizable number of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objectives of establishing or re-establishing control, retaliation for real or perceived actions, liberation of previously lost territory, forcing the partition of a country, gaining concessions or access to ...
During World War I, an invasion of the region was undertaken by British Empire forces and was known as the Mesopotamian campaign. Fighting commenced with the Battle of Basra in 1914 and continued for the duration of the war.
First invasion of Mesopotamia; Second invasion of Mesopotamia. Battle of al-Qādisiyyah; Battle of Nahāvand; Persian Rebellion 649-51; Arab- Turgesh wars Day of Thirst in 724; Battle of the Defile in 731; Arab–Khazar wars; Abbasid Caliphate conflicts Abbasid revolt Battle of the Zab 750; Arab–Byzantine wars 780–1180 Battle of Krasos 804/ ...
The initial landing force was a contingent of Royal Marines from HMS Ocean and British Indian troops of the 16th (Poona) Brigade under Walter Sinclair Delamain. [2] The British sloop HMS Odin shelled the Turkish positions near the old fortress of Fao, silencing the enemy batteries and clearing the way for the landing force.
The siege of Kut Al Amara (7 December 1915 – 29 April 1916), also known as the first battle of Kut, was the besieging of an 8,000-strong British Army garrison in the town of Kut, 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad, by the Ottoman Army.