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The list of early Germanic peoples is a catalog of ancient Germanic cultures, tribal groups, and other alliances of Germanic tribes and civilizations from antiquity. This information is derived from various ancient historical sources, beginning in the 2nd century BC and extending into late antiquity .
Several ancient sources list subdivisions of the Germanic tribes. Writing in the first century CE, Pliny the Elder lists five Germanic subgroups: the Vandili, the Inguaeones, the Istuaeones (living near the Rhine), the Herminones (in the Germanic interior), and the Peucini Basternae (living on the lower Danube near the Dacians). [57]
The victory of the Germanic tribes in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (AD 9) prevented annexation by the Roman Empire, although the Roman provinces of Germania Superior and Germania Inferior were established along the Rhine. Following the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Franks conquered the other West Germanic tribes.
The rise of the barbarian kingdoms in the territory previously governed by the Western Roman Empire was a gradual, complex, and largely unintentional process. [11] Their origin can ultimately be traced to the migrations of large numbers of barbarian (i.e. non-Roman) peoples into the territory of the Roman Empire.
The southward expansion of the East Germanic tribes pushed many other Germanic and Iranian peoples towards the Roman Empire, spawning the Marcomannic Wars in the 2nd century AD. [41] Another East Germanic tribe were the Herules , who according to 6th century historian Jordanes were driven from modern-day Denmark by the Danes , who were an ...
Linguists postulate that an early Proto-Germanic language existed and was distinguishable from the other Indo-European languages as far back as 500 BCE. [1]From what is known, the early Germanic tribes may have spoken mutually intelligible dialects derived from a common parent language but there are no written records to verify this fact.
The Huns, a non-Germanic nomadic tribe. In Old Norse, Húnar is used both for Atli's subjects and as a general name for people from south of Scandinavia. [82] In Middle High German epic, the Huns are identified with the Hungarians. [194] In the Þiðrekssaga Húnaland is located in Northern Germany and roughly corresponds to the Duchy of ...
This was part of a wider southward movement of eastern Germanic tribes, which was probably caused by massive population growth. [94] As a result, other tribes were pushed towards the Roman Empire, contributing to the beginning of the Marcomannic Wars. [94] By 200 AD, Wielbark Goths were probably being recruited into the Roman army. [95]