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Cyclopean masonry, backside of the Lion Gate, Mycenae, Greece. Cyclopean masonry is a type of stonework found in Mycenaean architecture, built with massive limestone boulders, roughly fitted together with minimal clearance between adjacent stones and with clay mortar or [1] no use of mortar.
The Cyclopean Wall of Rajgir is a 40-kilometre-long (25 mi) wall of stone which encircled the ancient city of Rajgriha (present-day Rajgir), in the Indian state of Bihar, to protect it from external enemies and invaders. It is among the oldest examples of cyclopean masonry in the world.
Lion Gate and example of Cyclopean masonry at Mycenae Mycenaean gold ring, from Grave circle, depicting a battle scene and demonstrating that warriors, traditionally, held weapons in their right hand. Which meant a shield would be held on their left arm. Mycenae had a wall of large, irregular stones that were laid together without mortar. [2]
In the middle of LHIIIB, around 1250 BC or so, the Cyclopean wall was extended on the west slope to include Grave Circle A. [21] The main entrance through the circuit wall was made grand by the best known feature of Mycenae, the Lion Gate, through which passed a stepped ramp leading past circle A and up to the palace. The Lion Gate was ...
the Valerian Wall, built in c. 260 AD, partly along the lines of older walls, partly as a new fortification, to protect the city against barbarian attacks the Herulian (or Post-Herulian) [ 2 ] Wall, a much smaller circuit built in c. 280 AD , enclosing the centre of the ancient city following its sack by the Heruli in 267 AD
Built of massive undressed stone carefully fitted together, the wall is one of the few important Pre-Maurayan stone structures ever to have been found. Traces of wall still subsist, particularly at the exit of Rajgir to Gaya. This wall was constructed before the Mauryan rule. Date: 2 July 2007, 16:47: Source: Cyclopian wall, Rajgir. Author
Its most notable features were its palace, its Cyclopean tunnels and especially its walls, which gave the city its Homeric epithet of "mighty walled Tiryns". Tiryns became associated with the myths surrounding Heracles, as the city was the residence of the hero during his labors, and some sources cite it as his birthplace.
In Greece, Cyclopean masonry was the first type of polygonal masonry. [2] To fit the stones properly to each other, masons would utilize strips of lead to form templates of the already laid blocks, which were then used to shape the to-be-adjoined ones.