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An example is the change from English Calcutta to English Kolkata – the local Bengali name (কলকাতা Kôlkata) did not change. Such changes in English spelling may be in order to better reflect a more accurate phonetic transliteration of the local name, or may be for other reasons.
In the mid-1980s, Bombay overtook Calcutta as India's most populous city. In 1985 Rajiv Gandhi referred to Calcutta as a "dying city" because of the political decline of his party. [32] [33] The city's economic recovery gathered momentum after economic reforms in India introduced by the central government in the mid-1990s.
The Calcutta Municipal corporation (recently renamed as Kolkata Municipal Corporation) was formed and the city had its first mayor. Although the city's name has always been pronounced Kolkata or Kôlikata in Bengali, the anglicised form Calcutta was the official name until 2001, when it was changed to Kolkata in order to match Bengali ...
Kalikata was one of the three villages which were merged to form the city of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) in India. The other two villages were Gobindapur and Sutanuti. Job Charnock, an administrator with the British East India Company is traditionally credited with the honour of founding the city. He settled in the village of Sutanuti.
This partial list of city nicknames in India compiles the aliases, sobriquets and slogans that cities in India are known by (or have been known by) historically, officially, or unofficially, to locals, outsiders, or their tourism chambers of commerce.
Sutanuti on map of Calcutta (1690) Sutanuti was one of the three villages which were merged to form the city of Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta) in India, along with Gobindapur and Kalikata. Sutanuti was set up along the banks of the Hooghly river, which is a tributary of the Ganges river.
In 1858, Allahabad (now Prayagraj) became the capital of India for a day when it also served as the capital of North-Western Provinces. [3] During the British Raj, until 1911, Calcutta was the capital of India. [4] By the latter half of the 19th century, Shimla had become the summer capital. [5]
Kolkata has been called the "City of Furious, Creative Energy" [252] as well as the "cultural [or literary] capital of India". [253] [254] The presence of paras, which are neighbourhoods that possess a strong sense of community, is characteristic of the city. [255] Typically, each para has its own community club and on occasion, a playing field ...