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Median lethal dose. In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for " lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance. [1] The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test ...
Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is a measure of the potency of a substance in inhibiting a specific biological or biochemical function. IC 50 is a quantitative measure that indicates how much of a particular inhibitory substance (e.g. drug) is needed to inhibit, in vitro, a given biological process or biological component by 50% ...
2,4-Dinitrophenol. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP or simply DNP) is an organic compound with the formula HOC 6 H 3 (NO 2) 2. It has been used in explosives manufacturing and as a pesticide and herbicide. In humans, DNP causes dose-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling, causing the rapid loss of ATP as heat and leading to uncontrolled hyperthermia ...
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose. It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1] The related terms therapeutic window or safety window ...
EC 50 is a measure of concentration, expressed in molar units (M), where 1 M is equivalent to 1 mol / L. The EC 50 of a graded dose response curve therefore represents the concentration of a compound where 50% of its maximal effect is observed. [4] The EC 50 of a quantal dose response curve represents the concentration of a compound where 50% ...
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency[1] is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. [2] A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of ...
It looked at the effectiveness of tirzepatide for 72 weeks at different doses. In the end, the drug led to significant weight loss across weekly dosages of 5, 10, and 15 milligrams, with a higher ...
The DRI is a measure of how many folds the dose of each drug in a synergistic combination may be reduced, at a given effect level, compared with the doses of each drug alone. The inverted terms in the CI equation, are the DRIs for the corresponding individual drugs in the combination.