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Vasopressin. Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, [5] is a hormone synthesized from the AVP gene as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus, [6] and is converted to AVP. It then travels down the axon terminating in the posterior pituitary, and is released from vesicles ...
Vasopressin receptor. The actions of vasopressin are mediated by stimulation of tissue-specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) called vasopressin receptors that are classified into the V 1 (V 1A), V 2, and V 3 (V 1B) receptor subtypes. [1] These three subtypes differ in localization, function and signal transduction mechanisms.
Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) is a synthetic form of the normal human hormone arginine vasopressin (the antidiuretic hormone, or ADH), a peptide containing nine amino acids. Compared to vasopressin, desmopressin's first amino acid has been deaminated , and the arginine at the eighth position is in the dextro rather than the ...
Vasopressin receptor antagonist. A vasopressin receptor antagonist (VRA) is an agent that interferes with action at the vasopressin receptors. Most commonly VRAs are used in the treatment of hyponatremia, especially in patients with congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis or SIADH. [1]
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance. [2][3] When renal blood flow is reduced, juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys convert the precursor prorenin (already present in the blood) into ...
Vasopressin receptor 2. Vasopressin receptor 2 (V2R), or arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (officially called AVPR2), is a protein that acts as receptor for vasopressin. [5] AVPR2 belongs to the subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. Its activity is mediated by the G s type of G proteins, which stimulate adenylate cyclase.
Classification of common diuretics and their mechanisms of action. Class Examples Mechanism Location (numbered in distance along nephron) Ethanol: drinking alcohol: Inhibits vasopressin secretion Water: Inhibits vasopressin secretion Acidifying salts: calcium chloride, ammonium chloride: 1. Arginine vasopressin receptor 2 antagonists ...
Vasopressin agonists are used therapeutically in various conditions, and its long-acting synthetic analogue desmopressin is used in conditions featuring low vasopressin secretion, as well as for control of bleeding (in some forms of von Willebrand disease and in mild haemophilia A) and in extreme cases of bedwetting by children.