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Instead, the client is given a set of entry points and the API is discovered dynamically through interaction with these endpoints. HATEOAS was introduced in Roy Fielding's doctoral thesis Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures. HATEOAS is one of the key elements distinguishing REST from RPC mechanisms. [3]
An open API (often referred to as a public API) is a publicly available application programming interface that provides developers with programmatic access to a (possibly proprietary) software application or web service. [1] Open APIs are APIs that are published on the internet and are free to access by consumers. [2]
Originally developed to support the Swagger framework, it became a separate project in 2015, overseen by the OpenAPI Initiative, an open-source collaboration project of the Linux Foundation. [2] [3] An OpenAPI Description (OAD) [4] represents a formal description of an API that tools can use to generate code, documentation, test cases, and more.
A Web API is a development in Web services where emphasis has been moving to simpler representational state transfer (REST) based communications. [2] Restful APIs do not require XML-based Web service protocols ( SOAP and WSDL) to support their interfaces.
The Web Application Description Language (WADL) is a machine-readable XML description of HTTP-based web services. [1] WADL models the resources provided by a service and the relationships between them. [1]
In computing, Open Data Protocol (OData) is an open protocol that allows the creation and consumption of queryable and interoperable Web service APIs in a standard way. Microsoft initiated OData in 2007. [1] Versions 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 are released under the Microsoft Open Specification Promise.
The RMM can be employed to determine how well a Web service architecture adheres to REST principles. It categorizes a Web API into four levels (from 0 to 3) with each higher level corresponding to a more complete adherence to REST design. The next level also contains all the characteristics of the previous one. [4] [5]
An example of a popular web API is the Astronomy Picture of the Day API operated by the American space agency NASA. It is a server-side API used to retrieve photographs of space or other images of interest to astronomers, and metadata about the images. According to the API documentation, [15] the API has one endpoint: