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The six major orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy offer the following views on moksha, each for their own reasons: the Nyaya, Vaisesika and Mimamsa schools of Hinduism consider moksha as possible only after death. [71] [74] Samkhya and Yoga schools consider moksha as possible in this life.
Hindu philosophy or Vedic philosophy is the set of ... a philosophy that denies existence of ātman (Self) [36] and is based on the teachings and enlightenment of ...
The neo-Vedantins argued that the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy were perspectives on a single truth, all valid and complementary to each other. [164] Halbfass (2007 , p. 307) sees these interpretations as incorporating western ideas [ 165 ] into traditional systems, especially Advaita Vedanta . [ 166 ]
A traditional Hindu classification divides āstika and nāstika schools of philosophy, depending on one of three alternate criteria: whether it believes the Vedas as a valid source of knowledge; whether the school believes in the premises of Brahman and Atman; and whether the school believes in afterlife and Devas.
Advaita Vedanta (/ ʌ d ˈ v aɪ t ə v ɛ ˈ d ɑː n t ə /; Sanskrit: अद्वैत वेदान्त, IAST: Advaita Vedānta) is a Hindu tradition of textual exegesis and philosophy which states that jivatman, the individual experiencing self, is ultimately pure awareness mistakenly identified with body and the senses, [2] and non ...
In summary, the second chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, Samkhya Yoga, is a profound discourse on the nature of the self, the importance of selfless action, and the path to spiritual enlightenment. Krishna teaches Arjuna to transcend the dualities of life, cultivate detachment, and embrace a disciplined and balanced approach to challenges.
Brahman is the key metaphysical concept in various schools of Hindu philosophy. It is the theme in its diverse discussions to the two central questions of metaphysics : what is ultimately real, and are there principles applying to everything that is real? [ 68 ]
Advaita is considered the most influential sub-school of the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy. [138] Gaudapada was the first person to expound the basic principles of the Advaita philosophy in a commentary on the conflicting statements of the Upanishads. [139] Gaudapada's Advaita ideas were further developed by Shankara (8th century CE).