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Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) is a project led by the European Space Agency which will place ultra-stable atomic clocks on the International Space Station. Operation in the microgravity environment of the ISS will provide a stable and accurate time base for different areas of research, including general relativity and string theory ...
Toggle the table of contents. List of atomic clocks. ... Print/export Download as PDF; ... 18 cesium atomic clocks and 4 hydrogen maser clocks
Atomic clocks can also be isolated from environmental effects to a much higher degree. Atomic clocks have the benefit that atoms are universal, which means that the oscillation frequency is also universal. This is different from quartz and mechanical time measurement devices that do not have a universal frequency.
NIST-7 was the atomic clock used by the United States from 1993 to 1999. It was one of a series of Atomic Clocks [ 1 ] at the National Institute of Standards and Technology . Eventually, it achieved an uncertainty of 5 × 10 −15 .
List of UTC timing centers is a list of over 70 recognized maintainers of atomic clocks around the world from which UTC is calculated. [1] Below are links to some of the more notable time centers which contribute to the calculation of UTC.
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The master atomic clock ensemble at the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington D.C., which provides the time standard for the U.S. Department of Defense. [1] The rack mounted units in the background are caesium beam clocks. The black units in the foreground are hydrogen maser standards.
TAI is a weighted average of the time kept by over 450 atomic clocks in over 80 national laboratories worldwide. [3] The majority of the clocks involved are caesium clocks; the International System of Units (SI) definition of the second is based on caesium. [6] The clocks are compared using GPS signals and two-way satellite time and frequency ...