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Minority stress describes high levels of stress faced by members of stigmatized minority groups. [1] It may be caused by a number of factors, including poor social support and low socioeconomic status ; well understood causes of minority stress are interpersonal prejudice and discrimination .
She explored cultural, social, and economic stress that sexual minority women are exposed to, and the impacts of these on physical and psychological health. [ 9 ] Brooks also originated a scale for assessing global helpfulness of therapists that continues to be employed in research on therapy practice, [ 10 ] [ 11 ] and her work set a precedent ...
[4] [9] In experimental studies, stress in response to discrimination has been measured using a range of both psychological (e.g. perceived stress) and physiological (e.g. cardiovascular reactivity) measures, and evidence indicates that this heightened stress response is associated with poorer mental and physical health and impaired decision ...
Stress can be derived from many individualistic factors or experiences, has multiple effects on health. Stress is also associated with chronic diseases. Stress that is derived from racism has specific contextual factors, which adds a daily burden to African-Americans and other demographic groups that are discriminated against.
In social science, racial inequality is typically defined as "imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources, and opportunities." [ 1 ] Racial inequalities have manifested in American society in ways ranging from racial disparities in wealth, poverty rates, bankruptcy, housing patterns, educational opportunities, unemployment rates ...
[15] [16] Minority groups can be victims of stress produced by the dominant culture. Minority stress can be described as the product that results from the differences between the minority and dominant values. Furthermore, minority stress is the outcome of the conflict that minority group members experience with their social environment. [17]
Supporting an explanation in terms of stress arousal, one study found that African Americans under stereotype threat exhibit larger increases in arterial blood pressure. [51] One study found increased cardiovascular activation amongst women who watched a video in which men outnumbered women at a math and science conference. [52]
Minority groups commonly report experiences with racism and discrimination, and they consider these experiences to be stressful. In a national probability sample of minority groups and whites. African Americans and Hispanic American reported experiencing higher overall levels of global stress than did whites.