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A spreading apart of the surface causes tensional forces. When the tensional forces are strong enough to cause a plate to split apart, it does so such that a center ...
Some of the force that pushes the two plates apart is due to ridge push force of the magma chamber. [4] Tension, however, accounts for most of the "opposite directions" pull on the plates. As the separating oceanic crust cools over time, it becomes more dense and sinks farther and farther away from the ridge axis. The cooling and sinking ocean ...
Tension is the pulling or stretching force transmitted axially along an object such as a string, rope, chain, rod, truss member, or other object, so as to stretch or pull apart the object. In terms of force, it is the opposite of compression. Tension might also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of an object.
Pull-apart basins is are created along major strike-slip faults where a bend in the fault geometry or the splitting of the fault into two or more faults creates tensional forces that cause crustal thinning or stretching due to extension, creating a regional depression. [57] [58] [59] Frequently, the basins are rhombic, S-like or Z-like in shape ...
As the faces slide in opposite directions, tension is created at the tip, and a mode I fracture is created in the direction of the σ h-max, which is the direction of maximum principal stress. Shear-failure criteria is an expression that attempts to describe the stress at which a shear rupture creates a crack and separation. This criterion is ...
F w is the weight and F s are surface tension resultant forces. When an object is placed on a liquid, its weight F w depresses the surface, and if surface tension and downward force become equal then it is balanced by the surface tension forces on either side F s, which are each parallel to the water's surface at the points where it contacts ...
Most of them result from tensional forces, caused by a process known as oceanic trench rollback, where a subduction zone moves towards the subducting plate. [1] Back-arc basins were initially an unexpected phenomenon in plate tectonics, as convergent boundaries were expected to universally be zones of compression. However, in 1970, Dan Karig ...
Horst and graben structures indicate tensional forces and crustal stretching. Graben are produced from parallel normal faults, where the displacement of the hanging wall is downward, while that of the footwall is upward. The faults typically dip toward the center of the graben from both sides.