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As the author of Ivan the Terrible (Ivan Grozny), R.G. Skrynnikov stated, "the sack of Novgorod is the most repulsive episode in the brutal history of the oprichnina. The cruel, senseless slaughter of innocent people made oprichnina synonymous with lawlessness and excess."
Novgorod Republic (Russian: Новгородская республика, romanized: Novgorodskaya respublika) itself is a much later term, [22] although the polity was described as a republic as early as in the beginning of the 16th century. [23] [24] Soviet historians frequently used the terms Novgorod Feudal Republic and Novgorod Boyar ...
The Novgorodians supported Yaroslav during the war, and after his victory in the war, Yaroslav rewarded them and granted the "Yaroslav's Law" and the "Charter" to Novgorod. These documents became the prototype of and were referenced in the charters on which the princes invited by Novgorodians took the oath.
Arnold Lelis (2005) summarised that the Novgorod First Chronicle (NPL) mentions 42 instances of warfare between 1111 and 1205. Amongst other conflicts, 18 of them were with other Rus' states and cities over dynastic succession; 11 with the Chud'; and only 2 (in 1142 and 1164) involved Swedes, the first of which concerned merchants that may or may not have been "Novgorodian".
1515 – Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin built. [3] 1631 – Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel (Nizhny Novgorod) rebuilt. 1719 – Stroganov church built. [1] 1817 – Annual Nizhny Novgorod Fair begins. [1] [3] 1822 – Old Fair Church of the Transfiguration (Nizhny Novgorod) built. 1849 – Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory established.
Kexholm War: Kingdom of Sweden: Novgorod Republic: Inconclusive. Treaty of Nöteborg; 1338–1339 Sten Bielke's war against Novgorod: Kingdom of Sweden: Novgorod Republic: Swedish victory: 1348–1351 Magnus Eriksson's war with Novgorod [4] Kingdom of Sweden: Novgorod Republic: Novgorodian victory: 1377 Attack on Oulu [5] [6] Kingdom of Sweden ...
Swedish Crusade against Novgorod (1348–1351) Novgorod Republic: Sweden: Mixed results 1445 Novgorodian-Norwegian war [citation needed] Novgorod Republic: Norway: Norwegian victory [citation needed] 1456, 1471, and 1477–1478 Muscovite-Novgorodian Wars . Battle of Staraya Russa (1456) Battle of Shelon (1471) Novgorod Republic: Principality of ...
At the same time, the Novgorod veche expelled prince Sviatoslav Rostislavich, who turned to Andrey for help. The Novgorodians, in turn, allied themselves with Mstislav. This was the beginning of a bloody internecine war. The princes of Murom, Ryazan, Smolensk, Polotsk, Novgorod-Seversk, Chernigov and Dorogobuzh sided with Andrey.