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Martial law is the replacement of civilian government by military rule and the suspension of civilian legal processes for military powers. [1] Martial law can continue for a specified amount of time, or indefinitely, and standard civil liberties may be suspended for as long as martial law continues.
Military rule may mean: Military justice, the legal system applying to members of the armed forces; Martial law, where military authority takes over normal administration of law; Military occupation, when a country or area is occupied after invasion. List of military occupations; Military dictatorship, a form of government where political power ...
Military coups in Pakistan began in 1958 when military officer Muhammad Ayub Khan overthrew and exiled president Iskandar Ali Mirza. [1] [2] Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan has spent several decades under military rule (1958–1971, 1977–1988, 1999–2008). After their respective terms in office, each of the past five prime ministers of ...
The Establishment (Urdu: اسٹیبلشمنٹ), also referred to as the military establishment, or deep state, is a term commonly used in Pakistan to describe the influence of the Pakistan Armed Forces, intelligence agencies, and associated pro-military entities within the country's governance structure.
A military parade led contingent of army, followed by the navy and air force, in Shakarparian Hills in Islamabad in 2018.. The Pakistan Armed Forces (Urdu: پاکستان مسلح افواج; pronounced [ˈpɑːkˌɪstaːn mʊˈsəlˌle(ɦ) əfˈwɑːd͡ʒ]) are the military forces of Pakistan.
The 1958 Pakistani military coup was the first military coup in Pakistan that took place on 27 October 1958. It resulted in the toppling of Iskandar Ali Mirza , the president of Pakistan , by Muhammad Ayub Khan , the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army .
Established in 1952, the Pakistan Army Act regulates the legal code within the military, mainly for prosecuting military personnel and associated civilians. [1] An amendment in 1966, during Ayub Khan's tenure, extended its application to civilians, specifically those charged with inciting mutiny or accused of disseminating classified information and assaulting military infrastructure.
The Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئینِ پاکستان ; ISO: Āīn-ē-Pākistān), also known as the 1973 Constitution, is the supreme law of Pakistan.The document guides Pakistan's law, political culture, and system.