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One of the most important professionals in ancient Egypt was a person educated in the arts of writing (both hieroglyphics and hieratic scripts, as well as the demotic script from the second half of the first millennium BCE, which was mainly used as shorthand and for commerce) and arithmetic.
The hieroglyph used to signify the scribe, to write, and "writings", etc., is Gardiner sign Y3, from the category of: 'writings, games, & music'. The hieroglyph contains the scribe's writing palette, a vertical case to hold writing-reeds, and a leather pouch to hold the colored ink blocks, mostly black and red.
This ancient Egyptian scribe's palette is estimated to be from 1500-500 BCE. The Satire of the Trades is a "schoolboy text", meaning it was used to teach young scribes the values and tasks required for the profession. [8] Scribes in training were expected to memorize and inscribe passages from the text as a pedagogical method.
The roles of the scribes were crucial in ancient Egyptian society, but the records they left behind have been even more valuable to researchers.
Ancient Egyptian literature has been preserved on a wide variety of media. This includes papyrus scrolls and packets, limestone or ceramic ostraca, wooden writing boards, monumental stone edifices and coffins. Texts preserved and unearthed by modern archaeologists represent a small fraction of ancient Egyptian literary material.
In Mesopotamia and Egypt, scribes became important for roles beyond the initiating roles in the economy, governance and law. They became the producers and stewards of astronomy and calendars, divination, and literary culture. Schools developed in tablet houses, which also archived repositories of knowledge. [114]
Ancient Egyptian scribes consistently avoided leaving large areas of blank space in their writing and might add additional phonetic complements or sometimes even invert the order of signs if this would result in a more aesthetically pleasing appearance (good scribes attended to the artistic, and even religious, aspects of the hieroglyphs, and ...
The Papyrus Lansing is an ancient Egyptian document written during the reign of the pharaoh Senusret III. [1] The scroll was written in the 18th century B.C. by Nebmare-nakht, the royal scribe and chief overseer of the cattle of Amun. It was directed to his pupil, Wenemdiamun, and advocated the benefits of becoming a scribe while simultaneously ...