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In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [1] protecting a computer system. A common approach ( brute-force attack ) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [ 2 ]
Code injection is a computer security exploit where a program fails to correctly process external data, such as user input, causing it to interpret the data as executable commands. An attacker using this method "injects" code into the program while it is running.
Usually, passwords are not tried one-by-one against a system's secure server online; instead, a hacker might manage to gain access to a shadowed password file protected by a one-way encryption algorithm. They would then test each entry in a file like this to see whether its encrypted form matches what the server has on record.
Brute-force attacks work by calculating every possible combination that could make up a password and testing it to see if it is the correct password. As the password's length increases, the amount of time, on average, to find the correct password increases exponentially.
Cheating in video games involves a video game player using various methods to create an advantage beyond normal gameplay, usually in order to make the game easier.Cheats may be activated from within the game itself (a cheat code implemented by the original game developers), or created by third-party software (a game trainer or debugger) or hardware (a cheat cartridge).
This is a list of all Internet Relay Chat commands from RFC 1459, RFC 2812, and extensions added to major IRC daemons. Most IRC clients require commands to be preceded by a slash (" / "). Some commands are actually sent to IRC bots ; these are treated by the IRC protocol as ordinary messages, not as / -commands.
Hydra works by using different approaches, such as brute-force attacks and dictionary attacks, in order to guess the right username and password combination. Hydra is commonly used by penetration testers together with a set of programmes like crunch, [ 3 ] cupp [ 4 ] etc, which are used to generate wordlists based on user-defined patterns.
In computer security, shoulder surfing is a type of social engineering technique used to obtain information such as personal identification numbers (PINs), passwords and other confidential data by looking over the victim's shoulder.