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The powertrain layout of a motorised vehicle such as a car is often defined by the location of the engine or motors and the drive wheels. Layouts can roughly be divided into three categories: front-wheel drive (FWD), rear-wheel drive (RWD) and four-wheel drive (4WD). Many different combinations of engine location and driven wheels are found in ...
For this reason, most early off-road vehicles used that system; e.g., Jeep, Land Rover. As vehicles became more sophisticated and tires gave better winter performance in the 1960s, there was an interest in giving the benefits of all-wheel drive to conventional cars: not for off-road use but for winter use in snow or on wet roads.
Front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive? Which is Best for You?
Also gas pedal. A throttle in the form of a foot-operated pedal, or sometimes a hand-operated lever or paddle, by which the flow of fuel to the engine (and thereby the engine speed) is controlled, with depression of the pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate. admission stroke See induction stroke. aftermarket air brake 1. A type of brake in which the force that actuates the brake mechanism is ...
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine , rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive vehicles.
These vehicles — some automobiles, some trucks — feature the four-wheel-drive layout in certain models (and "all-wheel drive" in the case of vehicles with more than two axles). Note that some are also available in versions with front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive
The front-engine front-wheel-drive layout also has this advantage. Since the engine is typically the heaviest component of the car, putting it near the rear axle usually results in more weight over the rear axle than the front, commonly referred to as a rear weight bias. The farther back the engine, the greater the bias.
E-Four (short for Electrical 4WD System), [1] eFour, AWD-i, or AWD-e was developed by Toyota. Front wheels are powered directly by the hybrid powertrain, rear wheels are powered by a dedicated electric motor with its own power control unit, reduction gear and differential. Amount of torque transferred to the rear wheels is automatically ...