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  2. Charge number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_number

    Charges that are positive are called cations. Charges that are negative are called anions. Elements in the same group have the same charge. A group in the periodic table is a term used to represent the vertical columns. The noble gases of the periodic table do not have a charge because they are nonreactive. Noble gases are considered stable ...

  3. Group (periodic table) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_(periodic_table)

    In the periodic table of the elements, each column is a group. In chemistry, a group (also known as a family) [1] is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table; the 14 f-block columns, between groups 2 and 3, are not numbered.

  4. Effective nuclear charge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_nuclear_charge

    The nuclear charge; oxidation number; The screening effect of the inner shells; The extent to which the outermost electron penetrates into the charge cloud set up by the inner lying electron; In the periodic table, effective nuclear charge decreases down a group and increases left to right across a period.

  5. Periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table

    Periodic table of the chemical elements showing the most or more commonly named sets of elements (in periodic tables), and a traditional dividing line between metals and nonmetals. The f-block actually fits between groups 2 and 3 ; it is usually shown at the foot of the table to save horizontal space.

  6. Periodic trends - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_trends

    The periodic trends in properties of elements. In chemistry, periodic trends are specific patterns present in the periodic table that illustrate different aspects of certain elements when grouped by period and/or group. They were discovered by the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1863.

  7. Core electron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_electron

    Core charge is a convenient way of explaining trends in the periodic table. [4] Since the core charge increases as you move across a row of the periodic table , the outer-shell electrons are pulled more and more strongly towards the nucleus and the atomic radius decreases.

  8. List of chemistry mnemonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemistry_mnemonics

    Toggle Periodic table subsection. 2.1 Periods. 2.1.1 Periods 1, ... 2.5.2 Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) ... Number of vowels denotes negative charge quantity ...

  9. Alkaline earth metal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal

    The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). [1] The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure. [2]