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The 500-million download threshold for free applications has been established to maintain the list's manageability and focus on the most widely distributed apps. It's worth noting that many of the applications in this list are distributed pre-installed on top-selling Android devices [ 2 ] and may be considered bloatware by some people because ...
In null-hypothesis significance testing, the p-value [note 1] is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct. [2] [3] A very small p-value means that such an extreme observed outcome would be very unlikely under the null hypothesis.
The Ljung–Box test (named for Greta M. Ljung and George E. P. Box) is a type of statistical test of whether any of a group of autocorrelations of a time series are different from zero. Instead of testing randomness at each distinct lag, it tests the "overall" randomness based on a number of lags, and is therefore a portmanteau test .
In 2016, the American Statistical Association (ASA) published a statement on p-values, saying that "the widespread use of 'statistical significance' (generally interpreted as 'p ≤ 0.05') as a license for making a claim of a scientific finding (or implied truth) leads to considerable distortion of the scientific process". [57]
Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), [1] is a non-parametric multivariate statistical permutation test.PERMANOVA is used to compare groups of objects and test the null hypothesis that the centroids and dispersion of the groups as defined by measure space are equivalent for all groups.
Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation have been critical of Android and have recommended the usage of alternatives such as Replicant, because drivers and firmware vital for the proper functioning of Android devices are usually proprietary, and because the Google Play Store application can forcibly install or uninstall applications ...
Pearson's correlation coefficient is the covariance of the two variables divided by the product of their standard deviations. The form of the definition involves a "product moment", that is, the mean (the first moment about the origin) of the product of the mean-adjusted random variables; hence the modifier product-moment in the name.
Now generate a large number of sets of according to the alternative hypothesis, (,), and compute the corresponding test statistics again. 5. Look at the proportion of these simulated alternative T n {\displaystyle T_{n}} that are above the t α {\displaystyle t_{\alpha }} calculated in step 3 and so are rejected.