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[340] [341] [342] However, the source of the young (less than a million years old) and enormous Australasian strewnfield (c. 790 ka) is suggested to be a crater about 100 km (62 mi) across somewhere in Indochina, [343] [344] with Hartung and Koeberl (1994) proposing the elongated 100 km × 35 km (62 mi × 22 mi) Tonlé Sap lake in Cambodia ...
The EID lists fewer than ten such craters, and the largest in the last 100,000 years (100 ka) is the 4.5 km (2.8 mi) Rio Cuarto crater in Argentina. [2] However, there is some uncertainty regarding its origins [3] and age, with some sources giving it as < 10 ka [2] [4] while the EID gives a broader < 100 ka. [3]
A central-peak crater is the most basic form of complex crater. A central-peak crater can have a tightly spaced, ring-like arrangement of peaks, thus be a peak ring crater, though the peak is often single. [3] Central-peak craters can occur in impact craters via meteorites. An Earthly example is Mistastin crater, in Canada. [1]
A research investigation was started in 1955, and it was labeled a "cryptovolcanic structure" (a hypothetical volcanic steam explosion). Further investigation was undertaken by Robert S. Dietz who proposed an impact origin in 1959 and by Nicholas Short in 1966 who produced evidence of shocked quartz grains which confirmed the impact origin of ...
The landscape has since been eroded to a depth of around 7–11 km (4.3–6.8 mi) since formation, obliterating the original crater. The remaining structure, the "Vredefort Dome", consists of a partial ring of hills 70 km (43 mi) in diameter, and is the remains of the central uplift created by the rebound of rock below the impact site after the ...
Although sometimes described as a crater, the feature is actually a type of sinkhole, as it is formed through subsidence and collapse rather than an explosion or impact. Compared to the thousands of volcanic eruptions that occur over the course of a century, the formation of a caldera is a rare event, occurring only a few times within a given ...
Valhalla Basin on Jupiter's moon Callisto, taken by Voyager 1. A multi-ringed basin (also a multi-ring impact basin) is not a simple bowl-shaped crater, or a peak ring crater, but one containing multiple concentric topographic rings; [1] a multi-ringed basin could be described as a massive impact crater, surrounded by circular chains of mountains [2] resembling rings on a bull's-eye.
The diameter of the original crater is uncertain, but has been estimated to be from 30 to 70 km (19 to 43 mi). [2] Computer simulations of a 7 km (4.3 mi) in diameter impactor crashing into a 2 km (1.2 mi) thick ice sheet covering granite bedrock produced a crater of final diameter compatible with the Yarrabubba crater. [1]