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In Yevgeny Zamyatin's novel We, the name S-4711 is a reference to the Eau de Cologne. [11] During World War II Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine (navy) issued vast amounts of 4711 perfume to the submariners of the U-boat fleet. As there were limited facilities and few opportunities for bathing, the scent was to be used in an attempt to improve the ...
The original Eau de Cologne is a spirit-citrus perfume launched in Cologne in 1709 by Giovanni Maria Farina (1685–1766), an Italian perfume maker from Santa Maria Maggiore, Valle Vigezzo. In 1708, Farina wrote to his brother Jean Baptiste: "I have found a fragrance that reminds me of an Italian spring morning, of mountain daffodils and orange ...
Johann Maria Farina 1685–1766 Letter for one of the orders of Farina's new fragrance, 1716. Giovanni Maria Farina (born 8 December 1685, Santa Maria Maggiore; Germanized name: Johann Maria Farina, Francized: Jean Marie Farina – 25 November 1766, Cologne) was an Italian-born perfumier in Germany who created the first Eau de Cologne.
Johann Maria Farina (I) had his eau de Cologne filled into long bottles, the so-called Rosoli bottle. Both full measures (8 ounces) and half measures of eau de Cologne were sold and, in the 1760s, one could also find quarter bottles. Half bottles were most common and a dozen of them would have been sold for 6 Reichsthaler or 9 Guilder. The ...
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Farina Eau de Cologne: Farina gegenüber: Johann Maria Farina (1685-1766) 1772 Number Six: Caswell-Massey: William Hunter (1730-1777) 1798 Eau de Lubin: Parfums Lubin Pierre François Lubin [3] 19th century Kolonya: Abdul Hamid II [4] 1803 4711 Eau de Cologne: Mäurer & Wirtz: Wilhelm Mülhens: 1806 Jean Marie Farina: Roger & Gallet: Jean Marie ...