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Ehrlichia chaffeensis. E. chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis and is known to infect monocytes. [1] It has also been known to infect other cell types such as lymphocytes, atypical lymphocytes, myelocytes, and neutrophils, but monocytes appear to best harbor the infection. [1]
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis [1] is a form of ehrlichiosis associated with Ehrlichia chaffeensis. [2] This bacterium is an obligate intracellular pathogen affecting monocytes and macrophages. [3]
Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne [3] bacterial infection, [4] caused by bacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae, genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. These obligate intracellular bacteria infect and kill white blood cells. The average reported annual incidence is on the order of 2.3 cases per million people. [5]
Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection [1] is an infectious disease caused by an intracellular bacteria, Ehrlichia ewingii. [2] The infection is transmitted to humans by the tick, Amblyomma americanum . This tick can also transmit Ehrlichia chaffeensis , the bacteria that causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME).
Amblyomma americanum ticks spread E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii bacterial infection in the Eastern and Southeastern United States, while A. phagocytophilum is spread by the Ixodes scapularis tick in the Upper Midwest; 1,518 cases of E. chaffeensis were recorded in southeastern, south-central and mid-Atlantic areas of the country in 2013 ...
From blood samples, 16S rRNA genes were amplified using standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the genes were analyzed using gel electrophoresis and a GAP (Genetic Analysis Program) system. [4] This data was compared to all other Ehrlichia species, and Anderson et al. found that CGE is most closely related to E. chaffeensis and E. canis.
Main article: Human parasite Endoparasites Protozoan organisms Common name of organism or disease Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen Prevalence Source/Transmission (Reservoir/Vector) Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Acanthamoeba spp. eye, brain, skin culture worldwide contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water ...
Clinically, HGA is essentially indistinguishable from human monocytic ehrlichiosis, the infection caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and other tick-borne illnesses such as Lyme disease may be suspected. [15] As Ehrlichia serologies can be negative in the acute period, PCR is very useful for diagnosis. [16]