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The category of simple antennas consists of dipoles, monopoles, and loop antennas. Nearly all can be made with a single segment of wire (ignoring the break made in the wire for the feedline connection). [citation needed] Dipoles and monopoles called linear antennas (or straight wire antennas) since their radiating parts lie along a single ...
When so loaded the antenna presents a pure resistance to the transmission line, preventing energy from being reflected. The loading coil is often placed at the base of the antenna, between it and the transmission line (base loading), but for more efficient radiation, it is sometimes inserted near the midpoint of the antenna element (center ...
Resonant antennas usually use a linear conductor (or element), or pair of such elements, each of which is about a quarter of the wavelength in length (an odd multiple of quarter wavelengths will also be resonant). Antennas that are required to be small compared to the wavelength sacrifice efficiency and cannot be very directional.
A V antenna is a dipole with a bend in the middle so its arms are at an angle instead of co-linear. A quadrant antenna is a 'V' antenna with an unusual overall length of a full wavelength, with two half-wave horizontal elements meeting at a right angle where it is fed. [14]
As can be seen in the above table, for linear antennas shorter than their fundamental resonant length (shorter than 1 / 2 λ for a dipole antenna, 1 / 4 λ for a monopole) the radiation resistance decreases with the square of their length; [24] for loop antennas the change is even more extreme, with sub-resonant loops ...
The monopole antenna was invented in 1895 by radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi; for this reason it is sometimes called the Marconi antenna. [4] [5] [6] The load impedance of the quarter-wave monopole is half that of the dipole antenna or 37.5 ohms. Common types of monopole antenna are
Resistively loaded antennas which can be inexpensive and reasonably compact but inefficient at lower frequencies. Large elaborate and very expensive, non-loaded designs. (These can cost upward of $80,000 to purchase and install). The challenge for many years has been to devise an antenna which is an efficient radiator, compact, and also ...
The name comes from its resemblance to an inverted letter "L" (Γ). The T-antenna is an omnidirectional antenna, radiating equal radio power in all azimuthal directions, while the inverted-L is a weakly directional antenna, with maximum radio power radiated in the direction of the top load wire, off the end with the feeder attached.