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While the Queen's Gambit Accepted was mentioned in literature as early as the 15th century, it was the World Chess Championship 1886 between Wilhelm Steinitz and Johannes Zukertort which introduced the first modern ideas in this opening. Black's play had, until then, centred on holding on to the c4-pawn.
The Queen's Gambit is the chess opening that starts with the moves: [1]. 1. d4 d5 2. c4. It is one of the oldest openings and is still commonly played today. It is traditionally described as a gambit because White appears to sacrifice the c-pawn; however, this could be considered a misnomer as Black cannot retain the pawn without incurring a disadvantage.
The terms "Accepted" or "Declined" may be appended to the name, depending on whether the opponent takes the offered material, as in the Queen's Gambit Accepted and Queen's Gambit Declined. In the case of the Queen's Gambit, the sacrifice of material is only temporary as there is no good way for Black to keep the pawn (Ward 1999:10).
This is a list of chess openings that are gambits. The gambits are organized into sections by the parent chess opening, giving the gambit name, ECO code, and defining moves in algebraic chess notation .
Steinitz Variation in the Ponziani Opening: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3 d5 4.Qa4 f6; Steinitz Variation in the Queen's Gambit Accepted: 1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 e6 5.Bxc4 c5 6.0-0 cxd4; Steinitz Countergambit in the Queen's Pawn Game: 1.d4 d5 2.Bf4 c5; Steinitz Defence to the Ruy Lopez: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 d6
Timothy Taylor's book on Bird's Opening suggests as a main line: 1.f4 d5 2.Nf3 g6 3.e3 Bg7 4.Be2 Nf6 5.0-0 0-0 6.d3 c5. White can also play 2.c4, the Mujannah-Sturm gambit. This is a decent opening and seems to borrow ideas from the Réti Opening (1.Nf3 d5 2.c4) and the Queen's Gambit Accepted. Eventually, this move order is followed by Nf3.
The Slav Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves: . 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6. The Slav is one of the primary defenses to the Queen's Gambit.Although it was analyzed as early as 1590, it was not until the 1920s that it started to be explored extensively, although Steinitz essayed it in the first official World Chess Championship of 1886.
Aasum Gambit of the Dunst Opening - 1.Nc3 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Bc4; Abbazia Defence of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 d5 [2] Adelaide Countergambit of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Nc6 3.Nf3 f5; Agincourt Defense of the English Opening – 1.c4 e6; Amazon Attack of the Queen's Pawn Opening – 1.d4 d5 2.Qd3